overview: Following at least one of four healthy eating patterns reduces the risk of dying from cardiovascular disease, cancer, or respiratory disease.
sauce: harvard
A variety of healthy eating patterns are associated with a lower risk of premature death, according to a new study led by researchers at the Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health.
They found that participants who scored higher on adhering to at least one of the four healthy eating patterns were less likely to die from any cause during the study period compared to those with lower scores. They found they were less likely to die of cardiovascular disease, cancer, or respiratory disease. Score.
The findings are consistent with current American dietary guidelines, which recommend multiple healthy eating patterns.
“The Dietary Guidelines for Americans are intended to provide science-based dietary advice that promotes good health and reduces major chronic diseases. It is important to examine the association with health outcomes, especially mortality,” said lead author Frank Hu, Professor of Nutrition and Epidemiology and Chair of the Department of Nutrition at Fredrick J. Stare.
The survey will be published online on January 9, 2023. JAMA Internal Medicine.
Few studies have evaluated whether adherence to DGA-recommended dietary patterns is associated with long-term risk of all-cause and cause-specific mortality. The researchers used health data collected over her 36 years from her 75,230 women who participated in a nurse health survey and her 44,085 men who participated in a health professional follow-up study. .
All participants were free of cardiovascular disease or cancer at the start of the study and completed dietary questionnaires every four years. Index, Alternative Mediterranean Diet, Healthy Plant-Based Diet Index, Alternative Healthy Eating Index).
Key ingredients such as whole grains, fruits, vegetables, nuts, and legumes are all common, but other ingredients vary according to dietary patterns.
A higher score on at least one of the indicators was associated with a lower risk of premature death from all causes and a lower risk of death from cardiovascular disease, cancer and respiratory disease. Higher AMED and AHEI scores were associated with lower risk of death from neurodegenerative disease. Results were consistent among non-Hispanic whites, non-Hispanic blacks, and Hispanics.
The current DGA (2015–2020) recommends multiple healthy eating patterns that can be adapted. Individual food traditions and preferences. Updates to the guidelines are released every five years by the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (HHS) and the Department of Agriculture (USDA).
“It is important to assess adherence to DGA-recommended dietary patterns and health outcomes, including mortality, so that timely updates can be made,” Hu said. , is of value to the 2025-2030 Dietary Guidelines Advisory Panel, which is being established to assess current evidence on different dietary patterns and health outcomes.”
Other Harvard Chan School co-authors of this study include Zhilei Shan, Fenglei Wang, Yanping Li, Megu Baden, Shilpa Bhupathiraju, Dong Wang, Qi Sun, Eric Rimm, Lu Qi, Fred Tabung, Edward Giovannucci, Walter Willett, JoAnn Manson, and Chi Bing Chi.
Funding: Funding for this study was obtained from grant R01HL060712 from NHLBI. Nurses’ Health Research and Health Professionals Follow-Up Research were supported by grants UM1 CA186107, P01 CA87969, R01 CA49449, R01 HL034594, R01 HL088521, U01 CA176726, R01 CA67262, U01 CA167552, R01 HL35464, and U06 from NIH1453 Supported. Q. Qi is supported by grants K01HL129892 and R01 HL140976 from the NHLBI and grants R01 DK119268 and R01 DK120870 from the National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases. F. Wang is supported by a postdoctoral fellowship grant 897161 from the American Heart Association.
About this Diet and Mortality Investigation News
author: Todd Datz
sauce: harvard
contact: Todd Datz – Harvard University
image: image is public domain
Original research: closed access.
Zhilei Shan et al., “Healthy dietary patterns and risk of all-cause mortality and cause-specific mortality.” JAMA Internal Medicine
overview
Healthy eating patterns and risk of all-cause and cause-specific mortality
Importance
Current dietary guidelines for Americans recommend multiple healthy dietary patterns. However, adherence to different dietary patterns is associated with long-term risk of all-cause and cause-specific mortality Few studies have examined
Purpose
See also
To examine the association between dietary scores for four healthy eating patterns and risk of all-cause and cause-specific mortality.
design, setting, participants
This prospective cohort study included initially healthy women from the Nurses’ Health Study (NHS; 1984-2020) and men from the Health Professionals Follow-up Study (HPFS; 1986-2020).
exposure
Healthy Eating Index 2015 (HEI-2015), Alternative Mediterranean Diet (AMED) Score, Healthy Plant-Based Diet Index (HPDI), and Alternative Healthy Eating Index (AHEI).
Main achievements and countermeasures
Primary outcomes were all-cause mortality and cause-specific mortality, stratified by race, ethnicity, and other potential risk factors.
result
The final study sample included 75,230 women from the NHS (mean [SD] Baseline age, 50.2 [7.2] years) and 44,085 men from HPFS (mean [SD] Baseline age, 53.3 [9.6] Year). During a total of 3,559,056 person-years of follow-up, 31,263 women and her 22,900 men died. Comparing the highest and lowest quintiles, the pooled multivariate-adjusted HR for all-cause mortality was 0.81 (95% CI, 0.79–0.84) for HEI-2015 and 0.82 for AMED score. (95% CI, 0.79–0.84), 0.86 (95% CI, 0.83–0.89 for HPDI), 0.80 (95% CI, 0.77–0.82) for AHEI (P.< .001 (all trends)). All dietary scores were significantly inversely associated with mortality from cardiovascular disease, cancer and respiratory disease. AMED score and AHEI were inversely associated with mortality from neurodegenerative disease. The inverse associations between these scores and mortality were consistent across different racial and ethnic groups, including Hispanics, non-Hispanic blacks, and non-Hispanic whites.
Conclusion and relevance
In this cohort study of two large prospective cohorts with up to 36 years of follow-up, adherence to a variety of healthy dietary patterns was consistently associated with reduced risk of all-cause and cause-specific mortality. was related. These findings support the Dietary Guidelines for Americans recommendation that multiple healthy eating patterns can be adapted to individual dietary traditions and preferences.
