Scientists shed new light on the effects of high-intensity interval training (HIIT) on human skeletal muscle, according to a study of men published in the journal eLife. The findings suggest that HIIT increases the number of skeletal muscle proteins essential for energy metabolism and muscle contraction, and chemically alters major metabolic proteins. These results may explain the beneficial effects of HIIT on metabolism and pave the way for additional studies investigating how exercise affects these processes.
“Exercise has many beneficial effects that help prevent and treat metabolic disorders. This may be the result of changes in energy use by skeletal muscle. How exercise increases muscle protein content. I wanted to understand how to change and regulate these activities. A protein through a chemical reaction called acetylation. ” Acetylation occurs when acetyl, a member of a small molecule group, binds to other molecules and can affect the behavior of proteins. (Read again: 2022 World Health Day: Improve your endurance and stamina with 15 minutes of HIIT yoga).
For their study, the team recruited eight healthy, untrained male volunteers to complete five weeks of high-intensity cycling training. The man exercised three times a week, completed a four-minute cycle at a target speed of over 90% of his maximum heart rate, and then rested for two minutes. They repeated this pattern 4-5 times per workout.
The team used a technique called mass spectrometry to analyze changes in the composition of 3,168 proteins in tissue samples collected from participants’ thighs before and after the study. They also examined changes associated with 1,263 lysine acetyl sites in 464 acetylated proteins.
Their analysis showed increased production of proteins used to build energy-producing mitochondria in the cell, as well as proteins associated with muscle contraction. The team also identified an increase in acetylation of mitochondrial proteins and enzymes involved in the production of cellular energy. In addition, they observed changes in the number of proteins that reduce calcium sensitivity in skeletal muscle, which is essential for muscle contraction.
This result identifies some well-known changes in skeletal muscle proteins that occur after exercise and identifies new ones. For example, reduced calcium sensitivity may explain why muscle contractions are less likely to occur after an athlete is tired. This study also suggests that exercise-induced changes in acetylation-mediated protein regulation may contribute to the promotion of metabolism.
“Using state-of-the-art proteomics techniques, our research provides new information on how skeletal muscle adapts to exercise training, including new exercise-regulating proteins and acetyl sites. Identification is included, “concludes co-author Atul Deshmukh, associate professor. Professor at the Novonordisk Foundation Center for Basal Metabolism Research, University of Copenhagen. “We hope that our work will inspire further research on how exercise can help improve the health of human metabolism.”
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